The goals could be global or specific; depends on the timeframe the goal/goals is/are expected to be achieved. Most students look at the feedforward from their teachers and after conferencing with teachers decide on what they want to work on as their goals. e-asTTle rubrics in child speak are a good starting point. hope this gives some ideas.
Have a look at 'Lighting the Literacy Fire' by Jill Eggleton. She has them outlined them clearly. : D